Progresses in Sustainable Recycling Technology of Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries

The number of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is steadily increasing in order to meet the ever-growing demand for sustainable energy and a high quality life humankind. At same time, resulting large LIB waste certainly poses safety hazards if it not properly disposed will seriously harm environment due its inherent toxicity use toxic substances. Moreover, consumption many scarce precious metal resources behind mass production batteries. In light severe environmental, resources, recycling problems, spent LIBs have become an essential urgently needed action achieve social development. This review therefore critically analyses value need from variety environment. A range existing technologies reusing LIBs, such as pretreatment, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, direct recycled methods, subsequently summarized exclusively. addition, benefits problems methods described above are analyzed detail. It also introduces progress other components, anodes, separators, electrolytes, well high-value cathode. Finally, prospects addressed four ways (government, users, battery manufacturers, recyclers). should contribute development used particularly support industrialization processes.